How to Set Up a New Aquarium:

Setting up a new aquarium can be a thrilling experience for any new fish keeper, whether they’re new to the hobby or seasoned veterans. However, without a solid grasp of the nitrogen cycle and proper planning, your aquatic dream can quickly turn into a nightmare. This comprehensive guide will walk you through each stage of the setup process, demystify the nitrogen cycle, and share practical tips to prevent common pitfalls.

Choosing the Right Aquarium and Equipment

Selecting the correct tank and accessories lays the foundation for success, especially so when considering the filtration. Consider these factors before making a purchase:

• Tank Size
  Smaller tanks are cheaper but less stable in water chemistry. Aim for at least 20–30 gallons (75–110 L) to ease maintenance.

• Filtration System
  Powerful filters remove waste, but make sure they’re rated for more than your tank’s volume. Seek a filter that cycles water 4–6 times per hour.

• Lighting
  LED lighting suits most freshwater setups. For planted tanks or reef systems, choose lights with adjustable intensity and spectrum control.

• Heater and Thermometer
  Consistent temperature (24–27 °C for tropical fish) is vital. Invest in a reliable heater and a separate, accurate thermometer. Temperatures will vary depending on desired livestock and environment.

• Substrate and Decorations
  Gravel or sand substrates anchor plants and beneficial bacteria. Decor such as driftwood or rock caves provides hiding spots and enriches the aquascape.